EDUCATIONAL LANDSCAPE IN JAMMU AND KASHMIR: EXPLORING THE IMPACT AND RECOVERY FROM THE PANDEMIC PERIOD IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
Abstract : The SARS-CoV-2 virus, or Covid-19, was a terrible development for global education and related sectors. The entire nation was under total lockdown because of Covid-19, and this included the country's educational system. The pupils who suffered the most from the school closures were those who had no opportunity to learn at home. A loss of education may come from the school closing, and a loss of education would equate to a loss of human resource development overall. The entire spectrum of education was about to implode. However, suddenly, the Internet turns out to be a godsend and transforms the educational landscape from a physical classroom to a virtual one. The internet was used for all education-related activities, saving millions of students' futures, and advancing the cause of future resource endowment. This chapter attempts to analyze the state of education in Jammu and Kashmir both during and after the pandemic's recovery, keeping in mind the full range of Covid-19 and the value of education. The information utilized in this chapter came from the Jammu and Kashmir government's official database, the Directorate of Economics and Statistics' Digest of Statistics. Simple mathematical tools such as compound annual growth rates and percentage changes were used to analyze the data. The data shows a dismal and declining state of the education sector in Jammu and Kashmir during the pandemic and even after recovery, which made the results somewhat startling. The findings demonstrated that, despite an increase in the pass percentage of students between the pre- and post-pandemic periods, the enrollment ratio of students experienced a percentage change of -2.70 and -5.97 for primary and secondary education, respectively. In a similar vein, the number of teachers enrolled has also declined, changing by a positive 89.08 percentage point at the upper secondary level of education but decreasing by -50.43 and -8.48 percentage points at the primary and secondary education levels, respectively. The primary student-teacher ratio in Jammu and Kashmir experienced a negative change of -50.43 over the reference period (2018-19 to 2021-21), according to the results. The chapter also emphasizes how slowly the education sector has expanded over the past few decades, with compound annual growth rates for institutions, students enrolled, and teachers of 0.170, 0.032, and 0.284, respectively. The chapter concludes that while education in the state is improving, it is in disarray overall and needs stable policy support from the government and other non-profit organizations to close the educational gap and reap the benefits of education through better human resources and a better state. This support is needed both during the Covid-19 pandemic and after the recovery period.
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