Abstract : Individuals and organizations must instantly alter their attention and focus to deal with emergency events, which strike without warning. Whenever disasters reach a big size, all of the restrictions stemming from a shortage of cooperation and communication among all of the participating entities become apparent, compounding the event's negative outcomes. Individuals who must work together and in large-scale disasters often have no prior experience doing so; they lack trust and understanding of one another's abilities, and the sum of assets they each bring to bear has never been used before. As a result, individual or group decision support systems (DSS) face a wide range of obstacles in emergency scenarios.
